Head & Neck Cancer

Head and neck cancer refers to a group of cancers that develop in the tissues and organs of the head and neck region. These may affect the mouth, throat, voice box (larynx), nose, sinuses, salivary glands, and other areas of the head and neck.

Common Symptoms

Persistent sore throat or throat irritation

Difficulty or pain while swallowing

A lump or swelling in the neck

Persistent hoarseness or voice changes

Non-healing ulcer in the mouth

Unexplained bleeding from the mouth or nose

Persistent ear pain

Difficulty opening the mouth or moving the jaw

Unexplained weight loss

Risk Factors

Major risk factors include tobacco use, alcohol consumption, certain strains of HPV, poor oral health, and prolonged exposure to certain environmental or occupational substances.

Diagnosis & Treatment

Diagnosis may involve a physical examination, endoscopy, imaging scans, and a biopsy. Treatment depends on the cancer's location and stage and may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, or a combination of treatments.

Early Detection Matters

Some symptoms can resemble common infections or other less serious conditions. However, persistent or unusual symptoms should be evaluated by a qualified doctor, especially when they do not improve.

Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment can significantly improve treatment options and outcomes.