colon cancer

Colon cancer is a type of colorectal cancer that begins in the large intestine (colon). It often develops from small growths called polyps, some of which can gradually become cancerous. Detecting and removing precancerous polyps can help prevent colorectal cancer. Common Symptoms Change in bowel habits, including diarrhea or constipation Blood in the stool or rectal bleeding Persistent abdominal pain, cramps, or bloating Feeling that the bowel does not empty completely Unexplained weight loss Persistent tiredness or weakness Iron-deficiency anemia Risk Factors Risk can increase with: Increasing age Family history of colorectal cancer or polyps Certain inherited genetic conditions Inflammatory bowel disease Smoking Excess body weight Low physical activity Diet high in processed or red meat Diagnosis & Screening Depending on age and individual risk, screening may include stool-based tests or colonoscopy. If an abnormality is found, a colonoscopy and biopsy may be used to confirm cancer. CT and other imaging tests may be performed to determine the stage. Treatment Treatment depends on the stage, location, and characteristics of the cancer and may include: Surgery Chemotherapy Targeted therapy Immunotherapy Radiation therapy in selected colorectal cancers Early Detection Matters Colon cancer may be highly treatable when detected early. Regular colorectal cancer screening and prompt evaluation of persistent bowel changes or blood in the stool can help with early detection and prevention.